Papillomas are benign growths. The main reason for their removal is their unsightly appearance, location in the décolleté area of women. The causes of the formation are associated with a decrease in immunity, previously transferred viral diseases.
Varieties of papillomas
Human papillomavirus has more than 10 genotypes, but only some of them are the most common.
Simple or vulgar warts
The type of formations that most often infect the human epidermis. The places of their localization are the scalp, neck, face, hands, body, skin folds.
The most effective methods of removing papillomas are drugs; operative (with scalpel, cryogenics, laser, radio methods, electrocoagulation); combined (removal of the papilloma followed by drug therapy to prevent relapse).
Simple warts have a regular round or oval shape. They can rise above the surface of the epidermis by 5 millimeters or more.
Their diameter reaches 1 centimeter. The structure of the warts is soft, homogeneous and has no internal seals. The disease is not accompanied by the manifestation of symptoms. In most situations, they are not dangerous.
The method of treatment of papillomas is selected strictly individually in each case. It is necessary to take into account contraindications to a particular method of exposure.
For example, a patient may have a cold allergy and this can be an obstacle to cryotherapy.
Flat warts
Flat growths are also called juvenile. Children, as well as those who have reached puberty, are susceptible to the onset of the disease.
In old age, neoplasms are very rare. Experts associate the formation of flat warts with hormonal changes. They are formed as a result of past viral diseases.
Growths occur in a single or multiple form. They do not rise above the surface of the skin. The color of the growths is clear, close to the natural skin tone.
Localization sites: face, neck, back of the arms and legs. Serious concomitant symptoms are absent. The disease does not require treatment.
Filiform warts
A distinctive feature of the formations is the presence of a thin base. For this reason they are called pedunculated. These warts grow in length.
The size of the individual formations reaches 1 centimeter. The main problem with filamentous warts is their high trauma.
Having a thin leg makes them vulnerable. Warts are most often located in the neck, armpits, facial skin and décolleté.
Plantar warts
Another name for the pathology is thorns. The formations are dense growths. When exposed to their base, painful sensations arise, resembling a needle prick.
Outwardly, they can easily be confused with corns or calluses. The appearance of a wart is often accompanied by the growth of the disease.
Genital warts
Human papillomavirus is sexually transmitted. In case of infection, warts form in the intimate area - warts in the genital area.
The place of their localization is the reproductive organs and the anal area. The disease manifests itself in the form of small corporal papules.
Papillomas themselves are not dangerous. Their formation is not accompanied by unpleasant symptoms, but thin skin is prone to injury. Injuries to the formations lead to the addition of a secondary infection.
In addition to the listed species, there are flat warts and internal formations. Despite the absence of accompanying symptoms, the presence of formations requires referral to a specialist and regular monitoring.
Reasons for the removal of formations
The reasons why papillomas originate are not fully understood. Most often they affect the face, neck, décolleté. Experts recommend removing papillomas even in cases where they do not cause severe discomfort.
Reasons for mandatory surgery include:
- high riskdamagepapillomas;
- activeheighto the development of new formations, their spread on the skin;
- repeatedthe formation of papilloma after drug treatment.
It is also recommended to remove papillomas when localized in open areas of the body. Whether the growth is itchy or itchy is cause for concern.
Effective removal methods
Modern medicine offers patients various ways to treat papillomas:
- medicinaltherapy;
- operatingintervention;
- combinedtreatment;
- methodsfolkmedicinal.
The choice of a treatment scheme is carried out by a doctor based on the size and location of the formations.
Pharmacological therapy
For small formations and their localization in non-traumatic places, it is recommended to use drug therapy.
Conservative treatment is very effective for fresh warts and their localization in areas with thin and sensitive skin. Drugs do not always allow you to completely remove the formation.
Medicines are used alone or in combination. Most often, a specialist prescribes topical medications in combination with antiviral therapy.
Surgical intervention
With the localization of papillomas in open areas of the skin, the appearance of unpleasant symptoms or an increased risk of injury, surgical intervention allows you to eliminate them:
- Surgicalremoval. The easiest and cheapest way to remove buildup. At present, it is rarely used in medicine. It is accompanied by a high risk of scar formation.
- Electrocoagulation.The method is the removal of the accumulation by the action of an electric current. A high-frequency current is sent to the affected area, which leads to cauterization of the treated area. The procedure is quick and painless.
- Lasercoagulation. A distinctive feature of the method is the use of a laser beam to remove buildup. The method is not traumatic. It is characterized by fast healing times. Thanks to the effect of the laser and the instant sealing of the vessels of the treated area, the risk of bleeding during the procedure is minimal.
- Cryotherapy.The method is based on exposure to extremely low temperatures. The formation is frozen with liquid nitrogen. The main drawback of the method is the inability to accurately control the depth of the treated area. As a result, healthy adjacent tissues are affected.
- Radiosurgery.Removal of the papilloma is performed by radio waves. A special device acts on the formation and excise the affected tissue. The method is actively used in modern medicine and is considered highly effective and painless.
The method of surgical intervention is determined based on the size of the formations, their location and number.
Combined treatment
Most often, experts recommend using a combination treatment. It consists in the prompt removal of existing formations and subsequent drug therapy. The combined regimen is aimed at preventing the risk of subsequent development of papillomas on the patient's skin.
Care after removal
To speed up the wound healing process after papilloma removal, you need to follow some recommendations.
After the operation, it is forbidden to expose the wound surface to injury. Also, you can't stick it with a plaster. Lack of fresh air slows down tissue regeneration. The only thing is that when you go out, the wound can be closed with a bactericidal adhesive plaster.
Also, after handling, the skin should be limited from prolonged exposure to direct sunlight.
During the day, you can not wet the wound and apply cosmetics on it.
In addition, for at least 3 weeks you will have to refuse to visit the solarium, the bathhouse, the swimming pool.
For the treatment of the site, experts recommend using antiseptics.